نسخ ـ نسخ کردن

1 Law:: vt, ger /زايل كردن، ازاله، زائل گردانيدن، محو كردن چيزي را، ازبين بردن، نيست گردانيدن، ابطال، منسوخ گردانيدن، برانداختن، الغاء/ repeal (the Eighteenth Amendment was repealed in 1933( ● revoke (-ing, revocation); rescind (~ing, rescission); cancel (~ing, ~lation); annul (~ling, ~ment); nullify (~ing, nullification); declare null and void; quash (~ing); abolish (~ing, abolition – more appropriately الغاء); vacate (-ing, vacation); abrogate (fml) (~ing, -ion); supercede, supersede (-ing); void (~ing, ~ance); avoid (~ing, ~ance) (avoidance of the agreement( USAGE NOTE : “avoid, void, vt; avoidance, voidance. In legal writing these verb and noun pairs are perfectly synonymous. Avoid, in law, often means “to make void or to cancel,” although in the language of nonlawyers it invariably means “to refrain from” or “to escape or evade.” Here is an example of avoid in the old-fashioned legal sense: “We are next to consider, how a deed may be avoided, or rendered of no effect.” (Blackstone)/”Strictly, the word ‘voidable’ means valid until avoided.” Void can act as noun, verb, or adjective. The noun voidance denotes “the act of voiding.” The legal senses of avoid and avoidance invariably confuse nonlawyers, who are accustomed to the ordinary meanings of these words, It might therefore be advisable to prefer void and voidance. E.g., “If the wife has inchoate dower in land transferred in living trust and does not release her dower, her claim is not avoided [read voided].” / “The Wills Act of 1837 added a provision avoiding [read voiding] the interest of a party whose spouse was a witness, but went on to declare that no will should fail because the witnesses thereto were incompetent.” The archaic sense of avoid is ensconsed in a number of statutes – e.g. ; “[T]he trustee may avoid any transfer of an interest of the debtor in property.” 11 U.S.C. § 547(b) (1988). Here the popular meaning of avoid appears in a legal context in such a way that a lawyer might at first wonder whether the legal meaning was intended: “The affidavit contains nothing more than a recital of unsupported allegations, conclusory in nature; as such, it is insufficient to avoid summary judgment.” In its lay sense “to evade or scape,” avoid is sometimes misused for prevent or circumvent: “Wide public participation avoids {read prevents] the problem of unfairness.” Bryan A. Garner, Modern Legal Usage” ● obliterate (-ing, -ion); override (-ing)

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